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Absence of Gradients and Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping (AGNES): An Electroanalytical Technique for Chemical Speciation: A Tutorial Review

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dc.creator Galceran i Nogués, Josep
dc.creator Puy Llorens, Jaume
dc.creator Companys Ferran, Encarnació
dc.creator López Solis, Carmen Lucia
dc.date 2022
dc.date.accessioned 2025-11-03T12:15:25Z
dc.date.available 2025-11-03T12:15:25Z
dc.identifier https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10090351
dc.identifier 2227-9040
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/84373
dc.identifier.uri http://fima-docencia.ub.edu:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/24083
dc.description Free metal ion concentrations of amalgamating elements such as Zn, Cd, In, or Pb can be determined with absence of gradients and Nernstian equilibrium stripping(AGNES) in a variety of matrices, ranging from seawater to wine or dissolving nanoparticles. In this hands-on paper, we review the fundamental concepts and provide the practical steps to implement AGNES, including ready-to-run files for the software controlling the potentiostat, computation spreadsheets, step-bystep laboratory protocols, etc. Two case studies with a free Zn concentration determination are discussed: (i) a synthetic solution with the ligand oxalate and (ii) a natural sample of the Segre river (Catalonia, Spain). Suggestions for the extension of AGNES to other systems are indicated.
dc.description This research received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (projects PID2019-107033GB-C21 and PID2020-117910GB-C21) and from the European Union’s H2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska- Curie grant agreement No 801586.
dc.language eng
dc.publisher MDPI
dc.relation info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-107033GB-C21/ES/CAPTADORES PASIVOS (DGT, DMT) Y TECNICAS ELECTROANALITICAS PARA ESPECIACION Y DISPONIBILIDAD EN AGUAS NATURALES Y SUELOS: MODELIZACION, DESARROLLO, APLICACION E INTERPRETACION/
dc.relation info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117910GB-C21/ES/EL PAPEL DE LA MATERIA ORGANICA DISUELTA TERRESTRE, FLUVIAL Y MARINA EN EL ENLACE, TRANSPORTE Y BIODISPONIBILIDAD DE NUTRIENTES%2FCONTAMINANTES CLAVE./
dc.relation Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10090351
dc.relation Chemosensors, 2022, vol. 10, núm. 9, art. 351.
dc.relation info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/801586/EU/IberusTalent
dc.rights cc-by (c) Carmen Lucia López Solis et al., 2022
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject Electroanalysis
dc.subject Heavy metals
dc.subject Free concentration
dc.title Absence of Gradients and Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping (AGNES): An Electroanalytical Technique for Chemical Speciation: A Tutorial Review
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


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