| dc.creator |
Wyn-Jones, A. Peter |
|
| dc.creator |
Carducci, Annalaura |
|
| dc.creator |
Cook, Nigel |
|
| dc.creator |
D'Agostino, Martin |
|
| dc.creator |
Divizia, Maurizio |
|
| dc.creator |
Fleischer, Jens |
|
| dc.creator |
Gantzer, Christophe |
|
| dc.creator |
Gawler, Andrew |
|
| dc.creator |
Gironès Llop, Rosina |
|
| dc.creator |
Höller, Christiane |
|
| dc.creator |
Roda Husman, Ana Maria de |
|
| dc.creator |
Kozyra, Iwona |
|
| dc.creator |
López-Pila, Juan |
|
| dc.creator |
Muscillo, Michele |
|
| dc.creator |
Nascimento, Maria |
|
| dc.creator |
Papageorgiou, George |
|
| dc.creator |
Rutjes, Saskia |
|
| dc.creator |
Sellwood, Jane |
|
| dc.creator |
Wyer, Mark |
|
| dc.creator |
Kay, David |
|
| dc.date |
2011-04-12T09:57:36Z |
|
| dc.date |
2011-04-12T09:57:36Z |
|
| dc.date |
2011 |
|
| dc.date.accessioned |
2024-12-16T10:26:29Z |
|
| dc.date.available |
2024-12-16T10:26:29Z |
|
| dc.identifier |
0043-1354 |
|
| dc.identifier |
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/17584 |
|
| dc.identifier |
588181 |
|
| dc.identifier |
21093010 |
|
| dc.identifier.uri |
http://fima-docencia.ub.edu:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/21170 |
|
| dc.description |
Exposure to human pathogenic viruses in recreational waters has been shown to cause disease outbreaks. In the context of Article 14 of the revised European Bathing Waters Directive 2006/7/EC (rBWD, CEU, 2006) a Europe-wide surveillance study was carried out to determine the frequency of occurrence of two human enteric viruses in recreational waters. Adenoviruses were selected based on their near-universal shedding and environmental survival, and noroviruses (NoV) selected as being the most prevalent gastroenteritis agent worldwide. Concentration of marine and freshwater samples was done by adsorption/elution followed by molecular detection by (RT)-PCR. Out of 1410 samples, 553 (39.2%) were positive for one or more of the target viruses. Adenoviruses, detected in 36.4% of samples, were more prevalent than noroviruses (9.4%), with 3.5% GI and 6.2% GII, some samples being positive for both GI and GII. Of 513 human adenovirus-positive samples, 63 (12.3%) were also norovirus-positive, whereas 69 (7.7%) norovirus-positive samples were adenovirus-negative. More freshwater samples than marine water samples were virus-positive. Out of a small selection of samples tested for adenovirus infectivity, approximately one-quarter were positive. Sixty percent of 132 nested-PCR adenovirus-positive samples analysed by quantitative PCR gave a mean value of over 3000 genome copies per L of water. The simultaneous detection of infectious adenovirus and of adenovirus and NoV by (RT)PCR suggests that the presence of infectious viruses in recreational waters may constitute a public health risk upon exposure. These studies support the case for considering adenoviruses as an indicator of bathing water quality. |
|
| dc.format |
35 p. |
|
| dc.format |
application/pdf |
|
| dc.language |
eng |
|
| dc.publisher |
Elsevier B.V. |
|
| dc.relation |
Versió postprint del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.015 |
|
| dc.relation |
Water Research, 2011, vol. 45, núm. 3, p. 1025-1038 |
|
| dc.relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.015 |
|
| dc.relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP6/513648/EU//VIROBATHE |
|
| dc.rights |
(c) Elsevier B.V., 2010 |
|
| dc.rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
|
| dc.source |
Articles publicats en revistes (Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística) |
|
| dc.subject |
Adenovirus |
|
| dc.subject |
Aigua dolça |
|
| dc.subject |
Aigua de mar |
|
| dc.subject |
Qualitat de l'aigua |
|
| dc.subject |
Europa |
|
| dc.subject |
Adenoviruses |
|
| dc.subject |
Fresh water |
|
| dc.subject |
Seawater |
|
| dc.subject |
Water quality |
|
| dc.subject |
Europe |
|
| dc.title |
Surveillance of adenoviruses and noroviruses in European recreational waters |
|
| dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
|
| dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
|